deserve 英[d??z?:v] 美[d??z?:rv]

deserve是一个动词,意思是“应得;应受;值得”。第三人称单数:deserves 现在分词:deserving 过去式:deserved 过去分词:deserved。

掌握deserve的使用方法,需要掌握的是:

1、它做为及物动词(vt.)或不及物动词(vi.)的使用方法。

我们知道及物动词就是后面可以直接加宾语的词.比如说: eat apple, drink water...
不及物动词就不能直接加宾语,需要一个小介词的,比如: look at the picture, listen to me

1)deserve sth,deserve后接名词或代词,通常只用作及物动词,且不能用于进行时态。如:

You're very able. You deserve a better job. 你很有能力,应该有一份更好的工作。

It's your money. You deserve it. 这钱归你,你该拿这个钱。

He has deserved well of his country. 他无愧于祖国。

Do you think I deserve this? 你认为这是我应得的吗?

注意:deserve sth = be deserving of sth,如:

His brave act deserves praise. = His brave act is deserving of praise.
他的英勇行为值得称赞。

2)deserve to do sth.,deserve后接不定式,若该动词表示主动意义,则用不定式的主动式;若该动词表示被动意义,则用不定式的被动式。如:

Those who work deserve to eat. 劳动者该得食。

He deserves to be criticized. 他应当受到批评。

2、主动语态和被动语态的使用方法。

1) 前面说的 deserve sth/ be deserving of sth/deserve to do sth 都是主动态。

2) deserve doing=deserve to be done(主动表被动)

He deserved to be punished.=He deserved punishing.
他应该受到惩罚。

He deserved being recommended for a decoration.
他有资格得到提名受勋。

综合前面两点,deserve后面倒底是接to do sth还是doing或to bo done.就要看看句子是主达主动还是被动,是当及物动词用还是不及物动词用。另外deserve含有褒义和贬义,褒义的意思是(因某种努力、身份、天赋)应得的,贬义的意思是(因某种恶行、罪过)应受的,这要看联系上下文取其意。

deserve的正误用法分析:

◆他的英勇行为值得称赞。

误:His brave act is deserving praise.
正:His brave act deserves praise.
正:His brave act is deserving of praise.

析:deserve(值得, 应受)在现代英语中通常只用作及物动词,且不能用于进行时态。同时应该注意:现在分词deserving (值得的)在现代英语中已转化为形容词,bedeserving of是一个常用句式,与用作动词的 deserve 同义。又如:She deservesdeath.=She is deserving ofdeath.(他该死)。

◆他这个人是罪有应得。

误:The man deserves to punish.
误:The man deserves being punished.
正:The man deserves to be punished.
正:The man deserves punishing.
正:The man deserves punishment.

析:deserve(应受到)后可接不定式也可接动名词, 若该动词表示主动意义,则用不定式的主动式;若该动词表示被动意义,则用不定式的被动式,也可用动名词的主动式(但表示被动意义)。注意:此时不能直接用动名词的被动式。

◆他应该受到老板的善待。

误:He is deserved well of his boss.
正:He deserves well of his boss.

析:deserve well (ill) of sb是个固定句型,意为“应该受到某人好的(不好的)待遇”。从语义上看,此处不能使用被动语态。