prepare的用法与搭配

1. 表示“准备”,可用作及物或不及物动词,用作不及物动词时,其后通常接介词 for。如:

We must prepare (for) the party. 我们必须为聚会做准备。

The children are preparing (for) their lessons. 孩子们正在预习功课。

prepare sth 与 prepare for sth 的细微区别是:前者表示“准备……”,相当于 get sth ready, 常暗示所需时间较短;后者表示“为……作准备”,相当于 make preparations for, 常暗示所需时间较长。如:

I’d better go upstairs and prepare her room. 我*上楼去给她准备房间。

We only heard about the meeting yesterday, so we haven’t started preparing for it yet. 我们只在昨天才听说开会的事,所以到现在还没有开始准备。

2. 其后可接不定式,表示准备做某事。如:

Have you prepared to go on a trip? 你准备好去旅行了吗?

He prepared to write a novel about the war. 他准备写一本战争小说。

3. 表示“准备”,可接双宾语,双宾语易位时用介词 for。如:

She is preparing us a meal.=She is preparing a meal for us. 她在给我们准备饭菜。

有时用人作宾语,表示使某人做好准备。如:

We’ll prepare the child to face the difficulty. 我们要教孩子准备面对困难。

They’re preparing the children for the examination. 他们在指导孩子准备考试。

4. 用于be prepared,可用于以下结构:

(1) be prepared to do sth:表示“准备做某事”“打算做某事”“愿意做某事”。如:

I’m prepared to accept it. 我准备接受。

How much is she prepared to pay? 他准备付多少钱?

(2) be prepared for sth:表示“准备有某种情况”“防备某情况”。如:

We were not prepared for the heavy rain. 我们没有提防要下这么大一场雨。

(3) be prepared against sth:表示“对某种不好的东西作好准备”。如:

We must be prepared against war. 我们必须备战。

注意以下两句在含义上的差别:

We are prepared to do it. 我们已准备好(或愿意)做此事。

We are preparing to do it. 我们正在准备要做此事。